O
  • Occlusion therapy - patching treatment for amblyopia.
  • Ophthalmologist - a doctor who specialises in the diagnosis and treatment, both medical and surgical, of diseases of the eye.
  • Optometrist - an allied health professional person who is trained and licensed to examine the eyes for visual defects, diagnose problems or impairments, and prescribe corrective lenses or provide other types of treatment.
  • Orthoptist - an allied health professional uniquely trained to evaluate and manage childhood and adult eye movement abnormalities.
P
  • Ptosis - medical term for a droopy eyelid.
R
  • Recession - weakening of an eye muscle by surgically changing the point at which it attaches to the sclera.
  • Refraction - the process by which refractive error is measured.
  • Refractive error - a defect in the ability of the eye to focus an image accurately.
  • Resection - strengthening an eye muscle by surgically removing a section of the muscle and reattaching the muscle to the same point on the sclera.
S
  • Sclera - the tough, white, outer coat of the eyeball, which the eye muscles attach to.
  • Squint - is a lay term for strabismus.
  • Stereopsis - the visual perception of depth, or the ability to see 3-dimensionally.
  • Strabismus - is the medical term for any misalignment of the eyes.
  • Superior oblique - a muscle which moves the eye downwards and twists the eye inwards (intorsion).
  • Superior rectus - upper muscle of the eye.
  • Suppression - the ability of a young child’s brain to switch off the image from a misaligned eye.
  • Suture - the material that is used to stitch two tissues together during an operation.
T
  • Transposition - changing the position of a muscle(s) insertion to improve the movement of the eye in a particular direction.
V
  • Visual acuity - Sharpness of vision, measured by the ability to discern letters, numbers or shapes at a given distance, according to a fixed standard.